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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Email Class &mdash; CodeIgniter 3.1.11 documentation</title>
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<div class="section" id="email-class">
<h1>Email Class<a class="headerlink" href="#email-class" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>CodeIgniter’s robust Email Class supports the following features:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Multiple Protocols: Mail, Sendmail, and SMTP</li>
<li>TLS and SSL Encryption for SMTP</li>
<li>Multiple recipients</li>
<li>CC and BCCs</li>
<li>HTML or Plaintext email</li>
<li>Attachments</li>
<li>Word wrapping</li>
<li>Priorities</li>
<li>BCC Batch Mode, enabling large email lists to be broken into small
BCC batches.</li>
<li>Email Debugging tools</li>
</ul>
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-email-library" id="id1">Using the Email Library</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sending-email" id="id2">Sending Email</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-email-preferences" id="id3">Setting Email Preferences</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-email-preferences-in-a-config-file" id="id4">Setting Email Preferences in a Config File</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#email-preferences" id="id5">Email Preferences</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#overriding-word-wrapping" id="id6">Overriding Word Wrapping</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#class-reference" id="id7">Class Reference</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="using-the-email-library">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Using the Email Library</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-email-library" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<div class="section" id="sending-email">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Sending Email</a><a class="headerlink" href="#sending-email" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>Sending email is not only simple, but you can configure it on the fly or
set your preferences in a config file.</p>
<p>Here is a basic example demonstrating how you might send email. Note:
This example assumes you are sending the email from one of your
<a class="reference internal" href="../general/controllers.html"><span class="doc">controllers</span></a>.</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">library</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;email&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;your@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Your Name&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;someone@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">cc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;another@another-example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">bcc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;them@their-example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">subject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Email Test&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">message</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Testing the email class.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">send</span><span class="p">();</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="setting-email-preferences">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Setting Email Preferences</a><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-email-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>There are 21 different preferences available to tailor how your email
messages are sent. You can either set them manually as described here,
or automatically via preferences stored in your config file, described
below:</p>
<p>Preferences are set by passing an array of preference values to the
email initialize method. Here is an example of how you might set some
preferences:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;protocol&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;sendmail&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;mailpath&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/usr/sbin/sendmail&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;charset&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;iso-8859-1&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;wordwrap&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Most of the preferences have default values that will be used
if you do not set them.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="setting-email-preferences-in-a-config-file">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Setting Email Preferences in a Config File</a><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-email-preferences-in-a-config-file" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>If you prefer not to set preferences using the above method, you can
instead put them into a config file. Simply create a new file called the
email.php, add the $config array in that file. Then save the file at
config/email.php and it will be used automatically. You will NOT need to
use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this-&gt;email-&gt;initialize()</span></code> method if you save your
preferences in a config file.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="email-preferences">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Email Preferences</a><a class="headerlink" href="#email-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>The following is a list of all the preferences that can be set when
sending email.</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="14%" />
<col width="16%" />
<col width="20%" />
<col width="51%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Preference</th>
<th class="head">Default Value</th>
<th class="head">Options</th>
<th class="head">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>useragent</strong></td>
<td>CodeIgniter</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The “user agent”.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>protocol</strong></td>
<td>mail</td>
<td>mail, sendmail, or smtp</td>
<td>The mail sending protocol.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>mailpath</strong></td>
<td>/usr/sbin/sendmail</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The server path to Sendmail.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>smtp_host</strong></td>
<td>No Default</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>SMTP Server Address.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>smtp_user</strong></td>
<td>No Default</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>SMTP Username.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>smtp_pass</strong></td>
<td>No Default</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>SMTP Password.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>smtp_port</strong></td>
<td>25</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>SMTP Port.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>smtp_timeout</strong></td>
<td>5</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>SMTP Timeout (in seconds).</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>smtp_keepalive</strong></td>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>TRUE or FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>Enable persistent SMTP connections.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>smtp_crypto</strong></td>
<td>No Default</td>
<td>tls or ssl</td>
<td>SMTP Encryption</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>wordwrap</strong></td>
<td>TRUE</td>
<td>TRUE or FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>Enable word-wrap.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>wrapchars</strong></td>
<td>76</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>Character count to wrap at.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>mailtype</strong></td>
<td>text</td>
<td>text or html</td>
<td>Type of mail. If you send HTML email you must send it as a complete web
page. Make sure you don’t have any relative links or relative image
paths otherwise they will not work.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>charset</strong></td>
<td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$config['charset']</span></code></td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>Character set (utf-8, iso-8859-1, etc.).</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>validate</strong></td>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>TRUE or FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>Whether to validate the email address.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>priority</strong></td>
<td>3</td>
<td>1, 2, 3, 4, 5</td>
<td>Email Priority. 1 = highest. 5 = lowest. 3 = normal.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>crlf</strong></td>
<td>\n</td>
<td>“\r\n” or “\n” or “\r”</td>
<td>Newline character. (Use “\r\n” to comply with RFC 822).</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>newline</strong></td>
<td>\n</td>
<td>“\r\n” or “\n” or “\r”</td>
<td>Newline character. (Use “\r\n” to comply with RFC 822).</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>bcc_batch_mode</strong></td>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>TRUE or FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>Enable BCC Batch Mode.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>bcc_batch_size</strong></td>
<td>200</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>Number of emails in each BCC batch.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>dsn</strong></td>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>TRUE or FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>Enable notify message from server</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" id="overriding-word-wrapping">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Overriding Word Wrapping</a><a class="headerlink" href="#overriding-word-wrapping" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have word wrapping enabled (recommended to comply with RFC 822)
and you have a very long link in your email it can get wrapped too,
causing it to become un-clickable by the person receiving it.
CodeIgniter lets you manually override word wrapping within part of your
message like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">The</span> <span class="nx">text</span> <span class="nx">of</span> <span class="nx">your</span> <span class="nx">email</span> <span class="nx">that</span>
<span class="nx">gets</span> <span class="nx">wrapped</span> <span class="nx">normally</span><span class="o">.</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">unwrap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="nx">http</span><span class="o">://</span><span class="nx">example</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">a_long_link_that_should_not_be_wrapped</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">html</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nx">unwrap</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="nx">More</span> <span class="nx">text</span> <span class="nx">that</span> <span class="nx">will</span> <span class="nx">be</span>
<span class="nx">wrapped</span> <span class="nx">normally</span><span class="o">.</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Place the item you do not want word-wrapped between: {unwrap} {/unwrap}</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="class-reference">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">Class Reference</a><a class="headerlink" href="#class-reference" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="CI_Email">
<em class="property">class </em><code class="descname">CI_Email</code><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::from">
<code class="descname">from</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$from</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$name = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$return_path = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::from" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$from</strong> (<em>string</em>) – “From” e-mail address</li>
<li><strong>$name</strong> (<em>string</em>) – “From” display name</li>
<li><strong>$return_path</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Optional email address to redirect undelivered e-mail to</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the email address and name of the person sending the email:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;you@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Your Name&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also set a Return-Path, to help redirect undelivered mail:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;you@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Your Name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;returned_emails@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Return-Path can’t be used if you’ve configured ‘smtp’ as
your protocol.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::reply_to">
<code class="descname">reply_to</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$replyto</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$name = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::reply_to" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$replyto</strong> (<em>string</em>) – E-mail address for replies</li>
<li><strong>$name</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Display name for the reply-to e-mail address</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the reply-to address. If the information is not provided the
information in the :meth:from method is used. Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">reply_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;you@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Your Name&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::to">
<code class="descname">to</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$to</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::to" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$to</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Comma-delimited string or an array of e-mail addresses</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the email address(s) of the recipient(s). Can be a single e-mail,
a comma-delimited list or an array:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;someone@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;one@example.com, two@example.com, three@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">to</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;one@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;two@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;three@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::cc">
<code class="descname">cc</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$cc</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::cc" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$cc</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Comma-delimited string or an array of e-mail addresses</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the CC email address(s). Just like the “to”, can be a single e-mail,
a comma-delimited list or an array.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::bcc">
<code class="descname">bcc</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$bcc</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$limit = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::bcc" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$bcc</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Comma-delimited string or an array of e-mail addresses</li>
<li><strong>$limit</strong> (<em>int</em>) – Maximum number of e-mails to send per batch</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the BCC email address(s). Just like the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">to()</span></code> method, can be a single
e-mail, a comma-delimited list or an array.</p>
<p>If <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$limit</span></code> is set, “batch mode” will be enabled, which will send
the emails to batches, with each batch not exceeding the specified
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$limit</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::subject">
<code class="descname">subject</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$subject</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::subject" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$subject</strong> (<em>string</em>) – E-mail subject line</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the email subject:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">subject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;This is my subject&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::message">
<code class="descname">message</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$body</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::message" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$body</strong> (<em>string</em>) – E-mail message body</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the e-mail message body:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">message</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;This is my message&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::set_alt_message">
<code class="descname">set_alt_message</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$str</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::set_alt_message" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$str</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Alternative e-mail message body</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets the alternative e-mail message body:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_alt_message</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;This is the alternative message&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This is an optional message string which can be used if you send
HTML formatted email. It lets you specify an alternative message
with no HTML formatting which is added to the header string for
people who do not accept HTML email. If you do not set your own
message CodeIgniter will extract the message from your HTML email
and strip the tags.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::set_header">
<code class="descname">set_header</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$header</em>, <em>$value</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::set_header" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$header</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Header name</li>
<li><strong>$value</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Header value</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Appends additional headers to the e-mail:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_header</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Header1&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Value1&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_header</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Header2&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Value2&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::clear">
<code class="descname">clear</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$clear_attachments = FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::clear" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$clear_attachments</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether or not to clear attachments</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Initializes all the email variables to an empty state. This method
is intended for use if you run the email sending method in a loop,
permitting the data to be reset between cycles.</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$list</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$address</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$address</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;your@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">subject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Here is your info &#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nv">$name</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">message</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Hi &#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nv">$name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">&#39; Here is the info you requested.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">send</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you set the parameter to TRUE any attachments will be cleared as
well:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">clear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::send">
<code class="descname">send</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$auto_clear = TRUE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::send" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$auto_clear</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to clear message data automatically</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The e-mail sending method. Returns boolean TRUE or FALSE based on
success or failure, enabling it to be used conditionally:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="o">!</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">send</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// Generate error</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This method will automatically clear all parameters if the request was
successful. To stop this behaviour pass FALSE:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">send</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// Parameters won&#39;t be cleared</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">In order to use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">print_debugger()</span></code> method, you need
to avoid clearing the email parameters.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::attach">
<code class="descname">attach</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$filename</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$disposition = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$newname = NULL</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$mime = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::attach" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$filename</strong> (<em>string</em>) – File name</li>
<li><strong>$disposition</strong> (<em>string</em>) – ‘disposition’ of the attachment. Most
email clients make their own decision regardless of the MIME
specification used here. <a class="reference external" href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/cont-disp/cont-disp.xhtml">https://www.iana.org/assignments/cont-disp/cont-disp.xhtml</a></li>
<li><strong>$newname</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Custom file name to use in the e-mail</li>
<li><strong>$mime</strong> (<em>string</em>) – MIME type to use (useful for buffered data)</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">CI_Email instance (method chaining)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">CI_Email</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Enables you to send an attachment. Put the file path/name in the first
parameter. For multiple attachments use the method multiple times.
For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;/path/to/photo1.jpg&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;/path/to/photo2.jpg&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;/path/to/photo3.jpg&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To use the default disposition (attachment), leave the second parameter blank,
otherwise use a custom disposition:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;image.jpg&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;inline&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also use a URL:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;http://example.com/filename.pdf&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you’d like to use a custom file name, you can use the third parameter:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;filename.pdf&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;attachment&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;report.pdf&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you need to use a buffer string instead of a real - physical - file you can
use the first parameter as buffer, the third parameter as file name and the fourth
parameter as mime-type:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$buffer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;attachment&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;report.pdf&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;application/pdf&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::attachment_cid">
<code class="descname">attachment_cid</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$filename</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::attachment_cid" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$filename</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Existing attachment filename</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Attachment Content-ID or FALSE if not found</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Sets and returns an attachment’s Content-ID, which enables your to embed an inline
(picture) attachment into HTML. First parameter must be the already attached file name.</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$filename</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/img/photo1.jpg&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$filename</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$list</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$address</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$address</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$cid</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">attachment_cid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$filename</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">message</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;&lt;img src=&quot;cid:&#39;</span><span class="o">.</span> <span class="nv">$cid</span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">&#39;&quot; alt=&quot;photo1&quot; /&gt;&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">send</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Content-ID for each e-mail must be re-created for it to be unique.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Email::print_debugger">
<code class="descname">print_debugger</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$include = array('headers'</em>, <em>'subject'</em>, <em>'body')</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Email::print_debugger" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$include</strong> (<em>array</em>) – Which parts of the message to print out</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Formatted debug data</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Returns a string containing any server messages, the email headers, and
the email message. Useful for debugging.</p>
<p>You can optionally specify which parts of the message should be printed.
Valid options are: <strong>headers</strong>, <strong>subject</strong>, <strong>body</strong>.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// You need to pass FALSE while sending in order for the email data</span>
<span class="c1">// to not be cleared - if that happens, print_debugger() would have</span>
<span class="c1">// nothing to output.</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">send</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Will only print the email headers, excluding the message subject and body</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">email</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">print_debugger</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;headers&#39;</span><span class="p">));</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">By default, all of the raw data will be printed.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
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